An Analysis of the Barriers Encountered by Women in the Zimbabwean Small-Scale Mining Sector

Despite the government’s efforts to enhance women’s status, there are deeply rooted gender-based disparities that affect their active participation in the small-scale mining sector (Ibrahim et al., 2020). This study analysed the lived experiences of women in the small-scale mining sector with emphasis on the gender-based disparities and challenges women encounter in their endeavour to participate in the sector. The study focused on identifying potential survival strategies to counter these challenges. An interpretivist philosophical paradigm culminated in using a qualitative data collection approach, incorporating 60 key informant interviews with women in small-scale mining. It was established that restricted immovable property rights, limited financial opportunities, inadequate technical skills, insufficient legal recognition, and gender stereotypes are subtle obstacles to the advancement of women in the small-scale mining sector (Valadares et al., 2022). The existence of patriarchal cultural norms perpetuates male dominance in the small-scale mining sector and significantly contributes to gender disparity (Mugo et al., 2021). These circumstances give rise to women encountering sexual harassment, job segregation, wage disparities, and challenges in managing work-life balance (Arthur-Holmes et al., 2023). The study concludes that critical success factors for women in the small-scale mining sector are defined by their ability to leverage strategic networking with other women who have successfully navigated through glass ceilings and glass cliffs. The study recommends leveraging the transformational leadership dimensions of inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualised consideration from successful female role models in the small-scale sector, which are strategically important for women’s effective participation. Advocating for gender-sensitive legislation that rectifies gender imbalances in the mining sector is crucial for increasing women’s participation in the sector.